Bienestar Docente durante la Pandemia COVID-19: La Comparación entre Ecuador y Chile.
Resumen
El quehacer docente se ha visto afectado a causa de la crisis sanitaria a nivel mundial, los docentes han debido transformar la forma de hacer su trabajo y enfrentar nuevos desafíos profesionales. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar y comparar entre docentes chilenos y ecuatorianos percepciones de bienestar emocional, social y laboral durante la pandemia; también identificar diferencias por género y la relación entre el nivel de bienestar y diferentes dimensiones socioemocionales. Participaron 881 docentes de preescolar, primaria y secundaria de ambos países, quienes respondieron un cuestionario en línea sobre carga laboral/doméstica, horario laboral, apoyo institucional, afectos positivos y negativos, apoyo social, desgaste emocional, bienestar y ciberacoso. Los resultados reportan mayor carga laboral y doméstica durante la pandemia, también se evidencian puntuaciones con tendencia positiva en todas las dimensiones socioemocionales, sin embargo los docentes ecuatorianos de forma significativa han percibido menos carga laboral, doméstica y desgaste, mayor bienestar general, sentimientos positivos y apoyo, lo que indica que características sociodemográficas influyen en la forma de afrontar situaciones de crisis. Otra variable de influencia fue el género, en donde las mujeres han percibido una mayor carga a nivel emocional, social y laboral. Se evidencia correlación positiva alta entre bienestar general con sentimientos positivos y apoyo social; correlaciones negativas altas entre bienestar general con sentimientos negativos y desgaste emocional. En conclusión, estos resultados revelan la realidad socioemocional que están viviendo los docentes durante la pandemia y da pautas para generar acciones que promuevan el bienestar general de esta población.
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