Políticas de Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo de Corea del Sur: Un Análisis Crítico
Resumen
En el último decenio Corea del Sur se ha posicionado entre las grandes potencias tecnológicas, industriales y culturales del mundo. Su modelo de desarrollo económico ha sido ampliamente auspiciado desde un enfoque economicista por conseguir una rápida industrialización del país entre los sesenta y ochenta. En ese momento, la Ayuda Oficial al Desarrollo (AOD) fue uno de los instrumentos de financiación que promocionó la infraestructura económica y social del país. Utilizando esta experiencia de desarrollo, en 2010 Corea del Sur entra a formar parte del Comité de Ayuda al Desarrollo de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (CAD-OCDE). Su propósito principal era ofrecer su modelo de políticas de desarrollo a otros países. Este modelo ha sido ampliamente investigado desde la academia especialmente hasta 2015. Sin embargo, existen pocas revisiones del estado actual de estas políticas. Con esto como marco, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo elaborar un análisis panorámico de las políticas de AOD de Corea del Sur en torno al último decenio y las particularidades de las mismas. Para ello la presente investigación aborda un estudio de los presupuestos oficiales, programas, sectores y estrategias a través de informes oficiales del gobierno surcoreano, y del CAD-OCDE desde 2012 hasta la actualidad.
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