¿Convergencia o divergencia? Pluralidad religiosa y políticas de integración en los estados-nación occidentales
Resumen
Este artículo trata de analizar las relaciones entre las tradiciones reli- giosas de los países receptores de inmigración y las políticas de integra- ción o multiculturalismo. Su objetivo consiste en discutir los temas de continuidad y cambio, de convergencia y divergencias en estas áreas de política a la luz de argumentos de dependencia cultural tal como se han utilizado, por ejemplo, en la teoría de la secularización. En el ámbito conceptual, el autor examina las relaciones entre religión y democracia en lo que respecta a 19 democracias occidentales, un grupo de países caracterizado por un tamaño determinado, altos niveles de desarrollo socioeconómico, sistemas democráticos estables y una tradición reli- giosa cristiana (latina). El argumento general de este artículo es que las tradiciones nacionales siguen siendo un freno importante para la verdadera convergencia de las políticas entre países, a pesar de la plu- ralización del orden internacional que se observa desde el año 1989, y ello a pesar de la globalización, de la integración en la Unión Europea y del 11 de septiembre.
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